PSG has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the French league winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times late to seize a surprise lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.